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After-School Snack Program – The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) offers cash reimbursement to help schools serve snacks to children in after-school activities aimed at promoting the health and well-being of children and youth in our communities. A school must provide children with regularly scheduled activities in an organized, structured and supervised environment and include education or enrichment activities. Programs must meet State and local licensing requirements, or State or local health and safety requirements. All programs that meet the eligibility requirements can participate in NSLP and receive USDA reimbursement for after-school snacks.
Blueprint to End Hunger – Developed by national anti-hunger organizations, the Blueprint maps out an effective and targeted strategy to address hunger throughout the United States.
CACFP - Child and Adult Care Food Program - A Federal program that provides healthy meals and snacks to children and elderly adults in day care settings. USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) administers CACFP through grants to States and provides cash assistance to each State agency for meals served based upon a participant’s eligibility under the Income Eligibility Guidelines for free, reduced price, or paid meals. The program is administered within most States by the State educational agency, the State health or social services department, the regional FNS office or by different agencies within a State, at the discretion of the Governor.
CBMS – Colorado Benefits Management System – The information technology system was jointly developed by the Department of Human Services (DHS) and the Department of Health Care Policy and Financing (HCPF). CBMS replaced six existing information technology systems with one unified system for data collection and eligibility. Individuals and families wishing to apply for Food Stamps must fill out a 21 page CBMS application.
CSFP- Commodity Supplemental Food Program – A Federal program that works to improve the health of pregnant and breastfeeding women, and other new mothers up to one year postpartum, infants, children up to the 6th birthday and elderly persons at least 60 years of age that meet income eligibility requirements by supplementing their diets with US Department of Agriculture (USDA) commodity foods. USDA administers CSFP at the federal level, providing food and administrative funds to states, though not all states participate.
Community Food Assessment - A tool to identify a community’s food-related needs and resources.
Community Food Security – Condition in which all community residents obtain a safe, culturally acceptable, nutritionally adequate diet through a sustainable food system that maximizes self-reliance and development of food and farm needs for communities.
Elderly Food Program - Federal nutrition programs that specifically target at-risk elderly people and include home-delivered meals and congregate meals programs, which provide meals at central facilities in group settings.
Emergency Food Program – Emergency food programs distribute donated food items to hungry people through avenues such as shelters, soup kitchens and food pantries, which may be obtained from food banks. Such programs typically are funded by private, non-profit community and/or faith-based organizations.
Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act – An Act (HR 2428) to encourage the donation of food and grocery products to non-profit organizations for distribution to needy individuals.
Farm to School Program – Program to improve farm income and school lunches by encouraging schools and school districts to purchase directly from local farmers, provide children with access to fresh fruits and vegetables, and secure food systems and family farms.
Farm to Table - Promotion of sustainable farms and local producers and to communicate the interconnectedness of agriculture, food, health, cooking, environmental resources, and economic viability.
Farmers Market – Promotes local farmers’ produce; provides a cooperative environment for farmers to work and market together; educates farmers, the public and government bodies about products and markets; and encourages the development and use of improved growing, harvesting and marketing techniques to benefits farmers and consumers.
Food Access – The ability to physically acquire food.
Food and Nutrition Service, USDA – Administers the Federal food and nutrition assistance programs, such as Food Stamps, WIC, and School Meals, provides better access to food, promotes healthy eating through nutrition education, and works with other organizations to form partnerships.
Food Bank – A charitable organization that solicits, receives, inventories, stores and donates food and grocery products pursuant to grocery industry and appropriate regulator standards. These products are distributed for a fee to charitable human service agencies, which provide the products directly to clients.
Food Insecurity – The limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate foods, including involuntary cutting back on meals, food portion or not knowing the source of the next meal.
Food Pantry – Organizations, typically non-profit, community and/or faith-based, that directly distribute groceries, both donated and purchased, to hungry people. Smaller operations may be called a “food cupboard” or “food shelf”.
Food Recovery – The collection of wholesome unsold food for distribution. Donors are protected by the Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act (HR 2428).
Food Rescue - The collection of prepared foods from the food service industry. Donors are protected by the Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act (HR 2428).
Food Security – Access to enough food for an active, healthy life. At a minimum, food security includes: (1) the ready availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods, and (2) an assured ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways (e.g., without resorting to emergency food suppliers, scavenging or other coping strategies).
FSP - Food Stamp Program – The federal program which serves as the first line of defense against hunger, enabling low-income families to buy nutritious food with Electronic Benefits Transfer (EBT) cards. Food stamp recipients are able to buy eligible food items in authorized retail food stores. The program is the cornerstone of the federal food assistance programs and provides crucial support to low-income households and those making the transition from welfare to work.
Free and Reduced Price Meals – Any child at a participating school may purchase a meal through the National School Lunch Program. Children from families with incomes at or below 130% of the poverty level are eligible for free meals. Those with incomes between 130% and 185% of poverty level are eligible for reduced-priced meals.
Gleaning – Collection of crops for redistribution through emergency food programs from farmers’ fields that have already been mechanically harvested or on fields where it is not economically profitable to harvest.
Hunger – The uneasy or painful sensation caused by a recurrent or involuntary lack of access to food. Many scientists consider hunger to be chronically inadequate nutritional intake due to low incomes (i.e., people do not have to experience pain to be hungry from a nutritional perspective).
Malnutrition - A serious health impairment that results from substandard nutrient intake because of
lack of food, chronic shortage of key nutrients, or impaired absorption or metabolism associated with chronic conditions of disease.
Millennium Declaration To End Hunger – World leaders committed themselves at the 2000 United Nations Millennium Summit to a series of ambitious and specific targets to conquer hunger. Of paramount importance is the 2015 goal of decreasing by one half the number of people suffering from hunger and lack of safe drinking water.
Minimum Wage – First enacted in 1938 under the Fair Labor Standards Act. Current federal minimum wage is $5.15 per hour. A full time minimum wage worker makes just $10,712 per year, well below the poverty level for a family of three.
Nonperishable Food Collection – The collection of processed foods with long shelf lives.
Obesity – An abnormal accumulation of body fat that may result in health impairments. Obesity is generally defined by the National Institutes of Health as having body weight that is more than 20% above the high range of ideal body weight.
Poverty - In the United States, the Department of Health and Human Services annually sets the federal poverty line (an official measure of poverty), which impacts eligibility for many safety net programs. For fiscal year 2008 the federal poverty for a family of four is $21,200.
Recommended Dietary Allowance – RDA – The daily dietary intake level of a nutrient that is considered sufficient to meet the requirements of nearly all healthy individuals in each life-state and gender group.
NSLP – SBP - School Lunch and Breakfast Programs – The National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs are federally assisted meal programs operating in public and nonprofit private schools and residential childcare institutions. They provide nutritionally balanced, low-cost or free meals to children each school day.
School Wellness Policies - A section of the Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 that requires all school districts that participate in the National School Lunch Program to have policies regarding health and nutrition, nutrition education and physical activity.
Self-Sufficiency – The ability to maintaining a decent standard of living and not having to choose between basic necessities – whether to meet one’s need for child care but not for nutrition, or for housing but not health care. Self-sufficiency wages are family-sustaining wages.
Self-Sufficiency Standard – Measures how much income is needed for a family of a given composition in a given place to adequately meet their basic needs without public or private assistance.
Shelter – A charitable program whose primary purpose is to provide shelter or housing on a short-term or temporary basis to needy clients and typically serves one or more meals a day.
Slow Food – An international movement that seeks to defend biodiversity in the food supply, spread the education of taste, and link producers of foods to consumers through events and initiatives.
Social Safety Nets – Government policies and charitable programs designed to ensure basic needs are met among low-income, disabled and other vulnerable social groups. Safety nets may also provide protection against risks, such as lost income, limited access to credit or devastation from natural disaster.
Soup Kitchen – A charitable organization whose primary purpose is to provide prepared meals served in a local agency kitchen for hungry people.
WIC - Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children – WIC provides supplemental nutritious foods, as well as nutrition counseling, to low-income, nutritionally at-risk pregnant women, infants and children up to age five.
Summer Food Service Program – The Summer Food Service Program (SFSP) provides reimbursements to schools, local government agencies and community-based organizations for meals and snacks served to children during the summer months. Geared toward low-income children, the SFSP is the single largest federal resource available for local sponsors who want to combine a feeding program with a summer activity/academic program.
Sustainable Agriculture – A philosophy and method of farming that reduces outside inputs by conserving resources; enhances the environmental quality of the land on which it depends; is economically viable, and contributes to a higher quality of life for both the farmer and the community.
TANF - Temporary Assistance for Needy Families – Provides temporary financial assistance for pregnant women and families with one or more dependent children. TANF provides financial assistance to help pay for food, shelter, utilities and expenses other than medical.
TEFAP - The Emergency Food Assistance Program – Under TEFAP, commodity foods are made available by the USDA to states. States provide the food to local agencies that are selected, usually food banks, to distribute the food to soup kitchens and food pantries that directly serve the public.
TFP - Thrifty Food Plan – The USDA calculated cost of a diet for persons of different ages, and the basis upon which Food Stamp allotments are determined.
Universal School Breakfast – A school program that offers breakfast at no charge to all students, regardless of income.
Undernutrition – The consequence of consuming food that is inadequate in quantity and/or nutritional quality.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights – Article 25 – “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the events of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.”
www.coloradoantihungernetwork.org
PO Box 18745, Denver, Colorado 80128-0745